Electronic Commerce Indicator (ECI) is a value returned by Directory Servers (namely Visa, MasterCard, JCB, and American Express) indicating the outcome of authentication attempted on transactions enforced by 3DS. Possible value returned by Visa, American Express, and JCB and its interpretation: ECI 05: 3DS authentication was successful; transactions are secured by 3DS. ECI 06: authentication was attempted but was not or […]